Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics RSS feed: Current Issue. The Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics is the premier source for the practice and science of food, nutrition, and dietetics. The monthly, peer-reviewed journal presents original articles prepared by scholars and practitioners and is the most widely read professional publication in the field. The Journal focuses on advancing professional knowledge across the range of research and practice issues such as: nutritional science, medical nutrition therapy, public health nutrition, food science and biotechnology, foodservice systems, leadership and management, and dietetics education. http://www.andjrnl.org/?rss=yesElsevier Inc.en © 2013 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2212-26721135May 2013 © 2013 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. healthpermissions@elsevier.comhttp://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267213003213/abstract?rss=yesTable of Contents10.1016/S2212-2672(13)00321-3Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-05-01Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-05-011135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8615615http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS221226721300350X/abstract?rss=yesAbout 5 years ago, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics decided to limit the editor-in-chief of the Journal to two 5-year terms. This month marks the end of my 10-year tenure as editor-in-chief of the Journal and, thus, this is my final opportunity to offer my appreciation and insights to you, the readers of the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. It has been my privilege to serve you in this capacity and to interact with countless authors, reviewers, editors, and readers in the ongoing efforts of producing this Journal. Our goal has always been to strive for scientific merit and academic excellence and thereby provide the highest-quality nutrition and dietetics research available in our field. We are grateful for the many positive responses we have received, perhaps best exemplified by the Journal's steadily increasing Impact Factor.Inside OutlookLinda Van Horn10.1016/j.jand.2013.04.003Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-05-01Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-05-011135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Editor's Outlook621621http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS221226721300244X/abstract?rss=yes I WANT TO THANK ALL ACADEMY members for the high honor of serving as your president. One of our organizational goals is that members and prospective members view the Academy as a key to professional success. I believe we have made significant strides toward meeting this goal and we will continue under the leadership of our 2013-2014 president, Glenna A. McCollum, DMOL, MPH, RDN, who will serve all of us well.Our Diverse and Far-Reaching AcademyEthan A. Bergman10.1016/j.jand.2013.03.009Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-05-01Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-05-011135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8President's Page623623http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267213000038/abstract?rss=yesEditor's Note: This article is part of a series from the Nutrition and Dietetic Educators and Preceptors (NDEP) group on emerging topics of interest in dietetics education. Years of observations of nutrition counselors conducting open discussions with clients reveal that asking effective open-ended questions is a limiting factor during these exchanges. Educators and counselors are aware of the nature of open-ended questions, which usually begin with who, what, when, where, why, and how. They avoid simple, limited “yes” or “no” responses and are often used to initiate conversation. By providing the opportunity to reflect and engage in conversation, such questions elicit opinions and rich descriptions of experiences. Open-ended questions are often used by psychotherapists to encourage patients to share relevant information. Use of effective open-ended questions is the cornerstone of motivational interviewing technique, which uses discussion to help guide clients to overcome ambivalence and move toward behavior change. Motivational interviewing and open discussion techniques are increasingly being used by nutrition educators and registered dietitians to effect behavior change in their clients. In outpatient settings, facilitating support groups with open discussion to manage conditions, such as overweight and diabetes, is common, whereas in inpatient and community settings, more targeted participant-centered interviewing techniques are often recommended. The success of these approaches to counseling is largely dependent on using the correct type of open-ended questions. Interviewing Clients and Patients: Improving the Skill of Asking Open-Ended QuestionsRayane AbuSabha10.1016/j.jand.2013.01.002Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-02-11Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-02-111135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Topics of Professional Interest624624http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267213002402/abstract?rss=yes Letters to the Editor may be submitted at http://ees.elsevier.com/andjrnl for consideration regarding manuscripts published within the past 6 months. Letters should be no more than 500 words, can contain up to 20 references, and should include a funding disclosure, conflict of interest disclosure, and copyright/authorship form. All letters will be subjected to editorial review and decision before acceptance.Questions Regarding Nutrient Profiling SystemDavid L. Katz, Keith-Thomas Ayoob, Rebecca Reeves, Gail Frank, Lauren Rhee, Elizabeth Anderson10.1016/j.jand.2013.03.005Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-05-01Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-05-011135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Letters to the Editor635635http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267213002414/abstract?rss=yesWe thank Dr Katz and colleagues for their interest in our article. We appreciate their enthusiasm for their proprietary food scoring system, NuVal, and we acknowledge the strong correlation of their algorithm scores with health outcomes in the study by Chiuve and colleagues. Our intention was not to imply that our algorithm is better than NuVal's algorithm, the Overall Nutritional Quality Index, which correlates well with health outcomes in part because the weighting factors were developed based on expert opinion and interpretation of the literature regarding correlation of nutrients with health; however, the weighting factors are not published.Authors' ResponseJoanne E. Arsenault, Victor L. Fulgoni, James C. Hersey, Mary K. Muth10.1016/j.jand.2013.03.006Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-05-01Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-05-011135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Letters to the Editor636636http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267212019211/abstract?rss=yesThere is an urgent need to improve nutritional health in health disparity communities such as the growing Hispanic and Latino populations. However, efforts focused on complex nutritional health issues, such as obesity and food insecurity, can be more difficult in underserved and at-risk communities, such as Mexican-origin residents living in communities along the Texas–Mexico border. Some of these challenges include: Promotoras as Research Partners to Engage Health Disparity CommunitiesCassandra M. Johnson, Joseph R. Sharkey, Wesley R. Dean, Julie A. St John, María Castillo10.1016/j.jand.2012.11.014Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-02-04Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-02-041135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Commentary638642http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267212019910/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Background: In human beings, dark skin requires more exposure to ultraviolet light to synthesize the same amount of vitamin D as lighter skin. It is has been repeatedly shown that at the latitude of the United States there are vitamin D disparities related to skin color. Although inadequate vitamin D status and health disparities have been associated with many of the same diseases, neither nutrition policy nor public health policy in the United States currently recognizes any role at all for vitamin D as a determinant of health disparities. Objective: This study investigated the relationship between health, skin color, and vitamin D nutriture in the US population. Design: The design is cross-sectional, correlational, and can be generalized to the population of the United States. Participants: We used data from 12,505 (unweighted) subjects (3,402 non-Hispanic blacks, 3,143 Mexican Americans, and 5,960 non-Hispanic whites), aged 13 years or older, from the continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006. Main outcome measure: Self-rated health, a repeatedly validated indicator of objective health status, was used as a continuous measure of health. Statistical analyses performed: Using software appropriate for the complex survey design of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the study consisted of six regression models, one predicting vitamin D status and five predicting self-rated health. Results: Controlling for the covariates sex, interview language, country of birth, tobacco use, age, body mass index, and leisure exercise as well as the socioeconomic variables education and family income, remaining disparities in self-rated health are greatly reduced or eliminated by controlling for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Conclusions: We found that socioeconomic factors are the strongest determinant of skin-color based health disparities in the US population, but that it may not be possible to eliminate health disparities in the United States without eliminating the skin-color–related disparities in vitamin D nutriture. Vitamin D Status Is a Biological Determinant of Health DisparitiesTom Weishaar, Joyce Marcley Vergili10.1016/j.jand.2012.12.011Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-02-15Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-02-151135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Original Research643651http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267213000087/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: This cross-sectional study assessed the influence of duration of residence in the United States on periconception dietary intake of pregnant Mexican immigrant women, using baseline data from Healthy Mothers on the Move, a randomized control trial conducted with 234 women from 2004 to 2006 in Detroit, MI. Average maternal age was 27.3±5.2 years (range=18 to 41 years) with 5.99±4.76 years of US residence (range=0 to 36 years). Women's usual dietary intake during the past 12 months was recorded on a validated food frequency questionnaire (17.3 weeks average gestation). Intakes of selected micronutrients, macronutrients, and food groups were compared by US residence categories (≤5, 6 to 10, or ≥11 years) using analysis of covariance. The percent of women with intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement and the percent not meeting US dietary guidelines were calculated. There was no association between dietary intake and duration of US residence in this population. Percentages of women with dietary intake below the Estimated Average Requirement were: 12.0% for folate, 7.7% for vitamin C, 23.9% for calcium, 11.2% for protein, and 5.1% for carbohydrates. US dietary guidelines were not met for fruit by 17.5% and for vegetables by 74.8% of women. Typical diets were high in saturated fat and cholesterol. Of the 2,195 kcal average daily energy intake, >25% came from saturated fats, trans fats, and added sugars that may replace nutrients important for healthy fetal growth and development and women's health. Interventions to improve intake before, during, and after pregnancy are important in this population, regardless of duration of US residence. Periconception Diet does not Vary by Duration of US Residence for Mexican Immigrant WomenEdith C. Kieffer, Diana B. Welmerink, Brandy R. Sinco, Kathleen B. Welch, Christina Y. Schumann, Virginia Uhley10.1016/j.jand.2013.01.007Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-03-08Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-03-081135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Research and Professional Briefs652658http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267212018072/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Iron-deficiency anemia is associated with adverse neonatal health outcomes. Iron status and its determinants were assessed in a representative sample of Belgian pregnant women. Blood samples were collected and a questionnaire was completed face-to-face. Hemoglobin (Hb) and mean cell volume were measured using a Beckman Coulter Hematology Analyzer and serum ferritin (SF) and transferrin receptor (sTfr) concentrations by immunoassay. In total, 55 obstetric clinics and 1,311 pregnant women were included. Approximately 40% of third-trimester and 6% of first-trimester women had SF levels less than 15 μg/L. Approximately 21% of third-trimester and 4% of first-trimester women had anemia (Hb <110 g/L). Of the third-trimester women, 23% were iron-deficient nonanemic (SF <15 μg/L and Hb ≥110 g/L), 16% had iron-deficiency anemia (SF <15 μg/L and Hb <110 g/L), and approximately 7% had tissue iron deficiency (sTfr >8.5 mg/L). The median body iron stores were 8.1 mg/kg among first-trimester women, but only 3.6 mg/kg among third-trimester women. SF levels were significantly positively associated with age and education level, and were higher among nulliparous women and lower among North-African women. sTfr concentrations were significantly negatively associated with age and were lower among smokers, nulliparous women, and women who planned their pregnancy. Despite the fact that two thirds of Belgian pregnant women took iron-containing supplements, iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia were frequent in third-trimester women. The World Health Organization regards this as a moderate public health problem. National iron supplementation guidelines are needed in Belgium to optimize iron status during pregnancy. Iron Status and Its Determinants in a Nationally Representative Sample of Pregnant WomenStefanie Vandevijvere, Sihame Amsalkhir, Herman Van Oyen, Egli Ines, Rodrigo Moreno-Reyes10.1016/j.jand.2012.10.021Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-01-25Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-01-251135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Research and Professional Briefs659666http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS221226721201893X/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Obesity is a prominent public health concern that disproportionally affects low-income and minority populations. Recent policies mandating the posting of calories on menus in fast-food chain restaurants have not proven to uniformly influence food choice. This qualitative research study used focus groups to study individual and environmental factors affecting the use of these menu labels among low-income minority populations. Ten focus groups targeting low-income residents (n=105) were held at various community organizations throughout New York City over a 9-month period in 2011. The focus groups were conducted in Spanish, English, or a combination of both languages. In late 2011 and early 2012, transcripts were coded through the process of thematic analysis using Atlas.ti for naturally emerging themes, influences, and determinants of food choice. Few participants used menu labels, despite awareness. The most frequently cited as barriers to menu label use included: price and time constraints, confusion and lack of understanding about caloric values, as well as the priority of preference, hunger, and habitual ordering habits. Based on the individual and external influences on food choice that often take priority over calorie consideration, a modified approach may be necessary to make menu labels more effective and user-friendly. Environmental and Individual Factors Affecting Menu Labeling Utilization: A Qualitative Research StudyJennifer Schindler, Kamila Kiszko, Courtney Abrams, Nadia Islam, Brian Elbel10.1016/j.jand.2012.11.011Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-02-11Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-02-111135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Research and Professional Briefs667672http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267212020175/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Although the Nutrition Facts label has been a requirement on food packages for more than 20 years, few studies have conducted comprehensive assessments of food label use. The purpose of this study was to assess the demographic and psychosocial correlates of food label use using a comprehensive approach. A sample of 1,382 males and females (n=573 and n=809, respectively) aged 19 to 70 years was drawn from the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The food label Check and Use subscales are the sums of multiple questions on frequency of checking and using each separate component on a Nutrition Facts label. Multiple linear regression was used to assess differences in predictors of Check and Use. Determinants of food label use differed by sex. Women check and use food label components more often and thoroughly than men. Older adults and adults with good diet-quality perception were significant predictors of food label use for both men and women. Race was a significant predictor for men only. Mexican-American and other Hispanic groups check (P=0.03) and use (P=0.01) the food label more frequently than non-Hispanic white men. Men who do not receive Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits also check (P<0.01) and use (P=0.01) food labels more frequently than those who receive assistance. The findings of this study could be used to improve nutrition education efforts. It may be beneficial to target men and women separately, as food label use determinants are different. Determinants of Food Label Use Differ by SexKimberly A. Stran, Linda L. Knol10.1016/j.jand.2012.12.014Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-02-11Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-02-111135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Research and Professional Briefs673679http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267213001238/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Shaping network members into sources of support for healthy eating and exercise behaviors may be an effective strategy to enhance obesity treatment outcomes. This pilot study examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a behavioral weight loss intervention adapted for Latinas with a social network component. Twenty-seven Latinas (43.0±10.2 years and body mass index 36.9±5.7) participated in a 24-week randomized controlled intervention study. Participants attended group-based treatment either individually (Individual Lifestyle Group [ILG]) or with a weight loss partner selected from their existing network (Partner Lifestyle Group [PLG]). Repeated measures analysis of variance was conducted to compare ILG and PLG participants on changes in weight or psychosocial variables. Participants in both intervention groups attended 70% of treatment sessions; 96% and 100% completed assessment at post-treatment (12 weeks) and follow-up (24 weeks), respectively. Significant weight loss (P<0.01) was achieved at post-treatment (ILG −4.7±4.2 kg and PLG −4.3±4.4 kg) and follow-up (ILG −5.0±6.4 kg and PLG −4.7±5.0 kg), with nearly 50% of participants losing at least 5% of initial body weight. Both groups also experienced increased self-efficacy for weight loss (P<0.01), self-efficacy for exercise (P=0.02), and family social support for exercise habits (P=0.01). There were no significant differences between groups. Results from this study suggest a behavioral weight loss intervention for Latinas is feasible, but there is less support for the efficacy of weight loss partners. Feasibility of Enlisting Social Network Members to Promote Weight Loss among LatinasBecky Marquez, Rena R. Wing10.1016/j.jand.2013.01.020Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-03-15Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-03-151135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Research and Practice Innovations680687http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267213002025/abstract?rss=yesDietetics practitioners are increasingly turning to the Internet—using blogs and other forms of social media—to educate the public, promote products or services, and build a professional brand. The fundamental principles of honesty, integrity, and fairness outlined in the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/Commission on Dietetic Registration Code of Ethics for the Profession of Dietetics apply to all forms of marketing and communications, including blogging and social media. The primary Codes applicable to registered dietitians (RDs) and dietetic technicians, registered (DTRs) involved in social media include Principles 6, 15, and 18: Ethical and Legal Issues Related to Blogging and Social MediaJanet Helm10.1016/j.jand.2013.02.008Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-05-01Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-05-011135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Ethics in Action688690http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267213002360/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: It is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics that nutrition is an integral component of oral health. The Academy supports integration of oral health with nutrition services, education, and research. Collaboration between dietetics practitioners and oral health care professionals is recommended for oral health promotion and disease prevention and intervention. Scientific and epidemiological data suggest a lifelong synergy between diet, nutrition, and integrity of the oral cavity in health and disease. Oral health and nutrition have a multifaceted relationship. Oral infectious diseases, as well as acute, chronic, and systemic diseases with oral manifestations, impact an individual's functional ability to eat and their nutrition status. Likewise, nutrition and diet can affect the development and integrity of the oral cavity and progression of oral diseases. As knowledge of the link between oral and nutrition health increases, dietetics practitioners and oral health care professionals must learn to provide screening, education, and referrals as part of comprehensive client/patient care. The provision of medical nutrition therapy, including oral and overall health, is incorporated into the Standards of Practice for registered dietitians and dietetic technicians, registered. Inclusion of didactic and clinical practice concepts that illustrate the role of nutrition in oral health is essential in education programs for both professional groups. Collaborative endeavors between dietetics, dentistry, medicine, and allied health professionals in research, education, and delineation of practice roles are needed to ensure comprehensive health care. The multifaceted interactions between diet, nutrition, and oral health in practice, education, and research in both dietetics and dentistry merit continued, detailed delineation. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Oral Health and NutritionRiva Touger-Decker, Connie Mobley10.1016/j.jand.2013.03.001Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-05-01Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-05-011135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Position Paper693701http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267213003080/abstract?rss=yes Submit to the Journal at http://ees.elsevier.com/andjrnl/. See “HOW TO SUBMIT A MANUSCRIPT” section for details.Information for Authors10.1016/j.jand.2013.03.017Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-05-01Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-05-011135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Information for Authors705716http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267213002438/abstract?rss=yes 2013 Food & Nutrition Conference & Expo October 19-22, 2013May 2013 People & Events10.1016/j.jand.2013.03.008Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-05-01Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-05-011135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8People & Events719719http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS221226721300302X/abstract?rss=yesNew in Review Editor: Judith Beto, PhD, RD, FADA Sites in Review Editor: Eileen Vincent, MS, RDMay 2013 New in Review10.1016/j.jand.2013.03.011Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-05-01Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-05-011135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8New in Review721721http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267213004152/abstract?rss=yesMay 2013 Classified Advertisements10.1016/S2212-2672(13)00415-2Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-05-01Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-05-011135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Classified Advertisements733734http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267213004188/abstract?rss=yesMay 2013 New Products & Services10.1016/S2212-2672(13)00418-8Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-05-01Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-05-011135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8New Products & Services735735http://www.andjrnl.org/article/PIIS2212267213002426/abstract?rss=yesTHE INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE report Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids includes the following definition of a dietary antioxidant: “A dietary antioxidant is a substance in foods that significantly decreases the adverse effects of reactive species, such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, on normal physiological function in humans”.What Has Happened to the ORAC Database?Eleese Cunningham10.1016/j.jand.2013.03.007Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113, 5 (2013)2013-05-01Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2013-05-011135S2212-2672(13)X0004-8Question of the Month740740